logo

logo

logo

logo

logo

بحث متقدم
أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن هـ و ي

الفيروسات المخاطية القويمة والفيروسات المخاطائية

فيروسات مخاطيه قويمه وفيروسات مخاطاييه

myxoviruses - myxovirus

ے‏ v\:* {behavior:url(https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#defaulthttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#defaulthttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#defaulthttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#defaulthttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#VML);} Clean Clean false false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:",/HD 9'/J"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}

'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/H'! 'DF',E) 9F 'D¤J1H3'* 'D1FHJ)

'D¤J1H3'* 'DE.'7J) 'DBHJE)  H'DE.'7'&J)

5D'- 'D/JF 4-'/)

'DF2D) 'DH'A/) ('D%FADHF2') Influenza

'D¤J1H3'* 'DE.'7'FJ)

 

 

1KK- :

E16 .E,J 4'&9 HE91HA EF0 'D95H1 'DB/JE)  *3((G ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  KJ5J( 'D,G'2 'D*FA3J  H:'D('K E' JD'-8 AJ 3J'B 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) - %6'A) %DI 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'D*FB3J) H'DF2DJ) - https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 9'E) H'6-) - HB/ *CHF E3J71) - C'D-EI H'D/9+ H'D5/'9 H"D'E 'DEA'5D H'D96D'*  H*1'H- 4/) 'D%5'() AJ 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) EF E16 .AJA https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E*H37 E-// D0'*G AJ E98E 'D-'D'* %DI  E16 4/J/ B/ JCHF EEJ*'K AJ (96 'D-'D'* 'D.'5).

*F*BD ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) ('DB7J1'* 'D*FA3J) 'DEF(9+) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'D39'D H'D97'3 H('D*E'3 E9 'DEA12'* 'D*FA3J)  H*-/+ 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F 9DI 4CD A'4J'* HD'3JE' AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'DA5HD 'D('1/)  CE' B/ *-/+ CD 9/) 3FH'* 9DI 4CD ,'&-) *5J( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9/'/'K C(J1) EF 'D(41 AJ E.*DA (B'9 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#16  C'F https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4G1G' 'D,'&-) 'D*J -/+* AJ 3F) 1918 H/9J* 'D%FADHF2' 'D98JE) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D%FADHF2' 'D%3('FJ)  HA*C* -JFG' ('DED'JJF EF 'D(41  H".1G' -/+ 3F)  2009 H/9J* %FADHF2' 'D.F'2J1.

'D9'ED 'DEE16: GF'C +D'+) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FH'9 EF ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) GJ A  H B H C  H'DFH9'F A H B GE' 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GEJ) EF 'DF'-J) 'D7(J) DD%F3'F J3'GE'F AJ -/H+ A'4J'* Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) 9DI F7'B H'39 HD' 3JE' 'DFH9  A.

*(/H ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) ('DE,G1 'D%DC*1HFJ C1HJ) 'D4CD  J1'H- B71G' (JF 80 -120 F'FH E*1'K  HGJ 0'* -E6 FHHJ RNA H:D'A. DD:D'A FH9'F EF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4H'C 'D(1H*JFJ) 'D3C1J) DG' .'5) E3*6/J)  J/9I https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-/GE' 'D1'5) 'D/EHJ)  Hemagglutinin (H) HJ/9I 'D".1 'DFH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2 (N) Neuraminidase. *3GD 'D1'5) 'D/EHJ) 9EDJ) 'D*-'E 'D¤J1H3 ('D.D'J'  H/.HDG %DJG'  AJ -JF JBHE 'DFJH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2 ('DE3'GE) AJ *-1J1 'D¤J1H3'* 'DE*CHF) -/J+'K /'.D 'D.DJ). HF81'N Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GEJ) 4https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F G0G 'DE3*6/'* AJ /H1) *6'9A 'D¤J1H3 *1CQ2 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#(-'+ -/J+'K 9DI %J,'/ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) 'DEF'3() D*+(J7 9EDG'. H*B3E https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FH'9 ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 - HD'3JE' 'DFH9 A- (-3( FH9J) E3*6/'* 'D1'5) 'D/EHJ) (H) H'DFJH1'EJ/F'2 (N) %0 J91A -'DJ'K 18 FE7'K DDE3*6/ H (DG' 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#1B'E EF 1 -*I 18)  H 11 FE7'K EF 'DE3*6/ N  A*CHF *3EJ) 'D¤J1H3 9F/&0 E*6EF) DFH9G HDhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#1B'E 'DE3*6/'* H HN 'D*J JEDCG' ('D¤J1H3 H5N1:A) E+D'K. H*5J( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 E-//) EF 'D¤J1H3 C'&F'* -J) E-//)  A(96 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 *5J( 'DC'&F'* 'DE'&J)  H(96G' *5J( 'D7JH1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H -JH'F'* https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I  H*9/Q 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D*J *E*DC 'DE3*6/'* (H1, H2,H3)  H(N1, N2)  EF ¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) A 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 4JH9'K Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GEJ) 7(J) AJ 'D(41  C'DFE7JF (H1N1) H(H3N2).

J*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#DA 'D-E6 'DFHHJ DCD EF 'D¤J1H3 A HB EF +E'FJ B79 E,2https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#) EF 'D@ RNA 'D-D2HFJ. H*,2$ 'D-E6 'DFHHJ DG0G 'D¤J1H3'* J,9D EF 'D3GD *('/D 'DE9DHE'* 'DH1'+J) (JF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 ¤J1H3'* 'D%FADHF2' 'DE.*DA) -*I (JF *DC 'D%F3'FJ) H'D-JH'FJ)  HGH J3EI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J6'K 'D*-HD https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D2J-'F 'DE3*6/J antigenic shifts  'DEH,H/ AJ ¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) A EF /HF :J1G  HJ-/+ -JF J3*7J9 FE7'F EF ¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) A 'D/.HD %DI .DJ) H'-/) H'D*6'9A AJG' %0 JECF 9F/G' *('/D (96 B79 'DE,JF 'D¤J1H3J ('DE,2https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#) AJ 'DE1-D) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.J1) EF *6'9A 'D¤J1H3 (E' J3EI %9'/) 'D*F3JB 'DH1'+J  HGH E' J$/J %DI 8GH1 01'1J ,/J/) EF 'D¤J1H3. H*3E- 8'G1) 'D*-HD 'DE3*6/J D¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) -HD' 3JE' 'D¤J1H3  A- H'D*J *$/J %DI F4H! 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'DE3*6/J) 'D,/J/) EFG (*C1'1 'DH'A/'* https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D,'&-'* CD 9/) 3FH'* (3(( 9/E H,H/ EF'9) E3(QB) AJ 'D(41 DD¤J1H3 'D,/J/. HJ9/ 'D.F2J1 'DE6JA 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 *https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#G('K D'3*B('D https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 ¤J1H3J) E.*DA) 9F 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D.'5) (G  (96G' 7J1J H(96G' (41J E9 '-*E'D -/H+ %9'/) 'D*F3JB 'DH1'+J (JFG' AJ .D'J'G HJ/9I H9'! 'DE2,  D0' J9/Q 'D.F2J1 E5/1'K EGE'K DDhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D,/J/) EF 'D¤J1H3 'DE3(() DD,'&-'* C'DFE7 H1N1 'D0J C'F 3(( 'D,'&-) 'D*J -/+* 9'E 2009 H/9J* %FADHF2' 'D.F'2J1.

HB/ **916 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FH'9 ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  AHB https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F'K D*(/D'* H1'+J) (7J&) */9I 'F3J'B'K E3*6/J'K Antigenic drifts  HGJ *F,E 9F -/H+ 'D7A1'* 'D5:J1) H'D(7J&) AJ 'DE,JF 'D¤J1H3J  H*9/Q E3$HD) 9F -/H+ (96 'DA'4J'* https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'DH'A/'* 'D3FHJ)  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'DEH3EJ) DDE16  DCFG' D' *3(( -/H+ ,'&-'* C(J1) CE' J-/+ AJ 'D2J-'F 'DE3*6/J ('D4CD1).

'DH5A: D:\d\7(J)\'DE,D/ 14'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6 'D.E,J)\643\1.jpg

'D4CD (1) 'D2J-'F 'DE3*6/J : -J+ J*CHF FE7 ,/J/ EF 'DAJ1H3 F*J,) 'F/E', ,2! EF 'DE,JF'* EF FE7JF E.*DAJF.

'D9/HI H'DH('&J'*: *F*41 ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) (H3'7) 'DB7J1'* 'D*FA3J) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'D39'D https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D97'3 -*I AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'DCD'E Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'D¤J1H3 EH,H/ (HA1) AJ 'DB7J1'* 'D*FA3J) 'DEF(9+) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 0DC  DCF J9*B/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'D9/HI *-*', %DI 'DH,H/ 9DI E3'A) B1J() ,/'K EF 'D4.5 'DE5'( AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'D97'3 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D39'D  F81'K D'-*H'! 'DB7J1'* 'D*FA3J) 'DC(J1) - HDJ3 'D5:J1) - 9DI 'D¤J1H3 (F3() https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C(1. CE' JECF DD9/HI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F *F*BD ('D*E'3 'DE('41 E9 'DEA12'* 'D*FA3J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H ('Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J/J H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/H'* 'DEDH+) (G'  HJ/.D 'D¤J1H3 'D,3E 9(1 'DE.'7J'* 'D*FA3J) AJ 'DAE H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FA H'D(D9HE  HEF 'DE-*ED C0DC /.HDG 9(1 'DED*-E)  J(/https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14# 'D4.5 'DE5'( ('D9/HI (71- 'D¤J1H3 B(D 8GH1 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 (F-H 24 3'9) HJ3*E1 F-H 4 %DI 6 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J'E -/'K https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#B5I DCFG JCHF E9/J'K (4/) AJ 'DJHEJF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HDJJF DDE16. H*3*E1 A*1) 71- 'D¤J1H3 - HEF +E A*1) 'D9/HI - E/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7HD B/ *5D %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3(H9JF AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D HC('1 'D3F H'DE16I 'DE5'(JF (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6 *FA3J) E2EF) HE69AJ 'DEF'9). H*4J1 'D9/J/ EF 'D/1'3'* %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4.'5 'DE5'(JF (.E, D' 916J https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD 71-'K DD¤J1H3  HGE D0DC https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD B/1) 9DI FBD 'D9/HI DD".1JF.

 *-/+ 'D%5'('* ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) AJ E98E 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F 9DI 4CD A'4J'* 5:J1) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H H'A/'* HD' 3JE' AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E'CF 'D*,E9 C'DE/'13 H'DE.JE'* H'DE9'ED H'D+CF'*  CE' JD'-8 -/H+ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H ,'&-'* C(J1) CD 9/) 3FH'*. H¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) A GH 'DE3$HD AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F 9F -/H+ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&) H'D,'&-'* F81'K DB/1*G 'DC(J1) 9DI 'D*:J1 'DE3*6/J HF4H! https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 ,/J/) EF 'D¤J1H3. HJ(JF ('D,/HD 1) ,'&-'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&*G' 'DEGE) 'D*J -/+* AJ 'DE&) 3F) 'DE'6J) Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D¤J1H3 'D*J 3((*G'.

 

('D,/HD 1) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GE ,'&-'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) 'D*J -/+* AJ 'DE&) 3F) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.J1)

FE7 'DAJ1H3

3F) -/H+ 'D,'&-)

H1N1

1918

H2N2

1957

H3N2

1968

H1N1

1977

H1N1

2009

H*9/Q 'D,'&-) 'D*J (/https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#* AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H'&D 9'E 1918 AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'D-1( 'D9'DEJ) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HDI H/9J* ('D%FADHF2' 'D%3('FJ) H'3*E1* F-H 'D3F*JF EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 ,'&-'* 'D%FADHF2' 'DE91HA) A*C'K  AB/ 'F*41 'DH('! 9(1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H1(' %DI 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1JC*JF H"3J' -*I 'DB'1) 'DB7(J) 'D4E'DJ) .D'D https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4G1 BDJD)  E3(('K %5'() 'DC+J1 EF 'D(41 (E' AJ 0DC 'D,FH/ 9DI ,(G'* 'DB*'D  Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/I %DI HA') https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9/'/ C(J1) EFGE. H*1'H- *B/J1'* %,E'DJ 'DHAJ'* F*J,) *DC 'D,'&-) (@ 20 %DI 50 EDJHF 4.5 E9 'D9DE https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 9// 'D0JF 0G(H' 6-J) 'D-1( FA3G' AJ *DC 'DA*1) DE J*,'H2 'D@ 15 EDJHF'K.

H'D,'&-) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.J1) EF 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) (/https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#* 9'E 2009 AJ 'DEC3JC H'F*41* AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#1,'! 'D9'DE  HC'F 3((G' ¤J1H3 EF FE7 H1N1 0H EF4https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14# .F2J1J '-*HI 9DI ,JF'* EF ¤J1H3'* 7J1J) Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I (41J) H/9J* %FADHF2' 'D.F'2J1  DCF D-3F 'D-8 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F G0' 'D¤J1H3 E9 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FG C'F EF FE7 'D¤J1H3 'D0J *3(( AJ ,'&-) 1918 FA3G (J/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FG C'F J.*DA 9FG ((96 'D*A'5JD 'DH1'+J) 'D/BJB) EE' ,9DG https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD AH9) HEF +E C'F* 'DHAJ'* 'DF',E) 9FG https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD (C+J1.

H*G/https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14# H*J1) 'D%5'() (¤J1H3 'D%FADHF2' 'D,/J/ ( 'D7'1&) 9'/) (A*1) 9/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4G1 %DI 3F)  %0 JC*3( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4.'5 'D0JF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#5J(H' (G EF'9) *BJGE EF 'D%5'() 'D*'DJ) ('DFE7 FA3G. HJ*-HD 'DFE7 'D,/J/ 9F/G' %DI E' J/9I 'DFE7 'DA5DJseasonal type  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'DFE7 'D,H'Dcirculated type  HJ5J( EF J*916HF DD9/HI (G A-3( EF /HF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F JCHFH' B/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#5J(H' (G EF B(D.

'D%E1'6J): *.E, ¤J1H3'* 'D%FADHF2' 'D.D'J' 'D8G'1J) AJ 'D71B 'D*FA3J) 'D9DHJ)  HJ9/Q E3*6/ 'D1'5) 'D/EHJ) E3$HD'K 9F '1*('7 'D¤J1H3 (E3*B(D'* .'5) 9DI 37H- 'D.D'J'  H*9/Q 7(J9) G0G 'DE3*6/'* HFH9J*G' 'D9'ED 'DE-// 'D1&J3 DFH9 'DC'&F 'D-J 'D0J 3J.E,G G0' 'DFE7  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H -*I EF7B) 'D.E, 6EF 'D,G'2 'D*FA3J FA3G  A'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 0'* 'D1'5'* 'D/EHJ) 'D3GD) 'D'1*('7 ('D.D'J' 'D8G'1J) AJ 'D,2! 'D9DHJ EF 'D71B 'D*FA3J) - C'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FA H'D(D9HE- *CHF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3GD 'F*4'1'K H%-/'+'K DD9/HI  DCF E98E -'D'*G' *CHF *-* 31J1J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H .AJA) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 H3DJE) 'D%F0'1  AJ -JF *CHF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D*J *EDC 1'5'* *EJD %DI 'D'1*('7 (E3*B(D'* E*H69) 9DI 'D.D'J' 'D9EJB) AJ 'D1&) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD B'(DJ) DD'F*4'1 DCF *https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+J1'*G' 'DE16J) *CHF 4/J/) HB/ *CHF EEJ*) C'DFE7 H5N1 'D0J J9/Q FE7'K 7J1J'K DCFG J3*7J9 %.E', 'D(41 AJ -'D'* .'5) E-/H/) -JF H,H/ *E'3 5EJEJ HE/J/ E9 'D7JH1 'DE5'()  H*CHF E98E %5'('*G 4/J/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H EEJ*).

H9DI 'D9EHE **6'9A ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) (9/ '1*('7G' ('D.D'J' 'D*FA3J) 'DE3*G/A) 'DEF'3() E.1()K 'D8G'1) 'DEG/() HE-7E) 9H'ED 'DEF'9) 'DEH69J)  EE' J$/J %DI 'F*4'1 'D¤J1H3 AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9EB 'D.D'J'. HB/ J5D 'D¤J1H3 %DI 'D71B 'D*FA3J) 'D3ADJ) HJ*3(( AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J) 'D7(B) 'D8G'1J) H*.1(G' 9DI F-H C(J1 %6'A) %DI 'DH0E) 'DF',E) 9F 'D'3*,'() 'D'D*G'(J)  H*9/Q 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J) 'DEH69J) DD8G'1) 'D*FA3J) H'D'3*,'() 'D'D*G'(J) 'DEH69J) 'DF',E) 9FG' 'D3(( 'D1&J3 AJ 8GH1 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'DF2DJ) H'D*FA3J) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) H'D*J *.*DA AJ 4/*G' *(9'K D/1,) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J) 'DEH69J). H,/J1 ('D0C1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F E' *3((G ¤J1H3'* 'D%FADHF2' EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J) 'D8G'1) 'D*FA3J) H9H'ED 'D/A'9 'DEH69J GJ 'D3(( 'D1&J3 'DE$G( D-/H+ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D,1+HEJ) 'D+'FHJ) 'D*J *9/Q https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GE E6'9A'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  HJ9/Q https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GEG' Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.71G' 'D%5'() (0'* 'D1&) 'D,1+HEJ) 'D*J *-/+ :'D('K ('D,1'+JE 'DEBJ-) C'D1&HJ'* H'D9FBH/J'* H'D9B/J'* HD' 3JE' AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#A1'/ 'DE$G(JF C'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D HC('1 'D3F H'DE5'(JF (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6 *FA3J) E2EF) HE69AJ 'DEF'9). H*92I 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'D9'E) - C'D-EI H'D5/'9 H'D/9+ H'D"D'E 'D96DJ) H'DE5DJ) 'D*J *4'G/ 9F/ F3() C(J1) EF 'DE5'(JF ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) - %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'D.E, ('D¤J1H3 - HD' 3JE' ((96 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 EFG - J$/J %DI *-1J6 %A1'2 CEJ'* C(J1) EF 'D-1'&C 'D.DHJ) cytokines  H'D-1'&C 'DCJEJ'&J) chemokines - E+D 'D%F*1AJ1HF H'D9'ED 'DEF.1 DDH1E- H'D*J *9/Q 'DE3$HD) 9F -/H+ G0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6  HB/ JCHF %F*', G0G 'D-1'&C https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F'K HAJ1'K A*/9I 9'5A) 'D-1'&C 'D.DHJ) cytokine storm 'D*J B/ *$/J %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 E4'(G) DE' J4'G/ AJ -'D'* 'D5/E) 'D3EQJ) 'D.E,J)  HB/ *CHF E3$HD) 9F F3() EF 'DHAJ'* 'DF',E) 9F 'D%5'() ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) HD' 3JE' AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&) H'D,'&-'* ('Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D,/J/) H0'* 'DAH9) 'D4/J/). HJ9*B/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'DFE7 'D¤J1H3J 'D0J C'F E3$HD'K 9F ,'&-) 9'E 1918 C'F JEDC 'DB/1) 'DC'AJ) D%-/'+ 9'5A) 'D-1'&C  EE' https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/I %DI '1*A'9 H'6- AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9/'/ 'DHAJ'* F3() %DI 'D,'&-'* 'D*'DJ) 'D*J 3((*G' https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I EF 'D¤J1H3 D' *EDC *DC 'DB/1).

'D*8'G1'* 'D31J1J): *1'H- A*1) 'D-6'F) AJ E98E -'D'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) (JF JHE Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#1(9) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J'E (JHE'F H37J'K)  H*CHF 'DA*1) (JF 8GH1 'D-'D) H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I (JF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4.'5 0HJ 'D*E'3 'D5EJEJ AJ 'D9'&D) 'DH'-/) 9DI 3(JD 'DE+'D - HD' 3JE' .D'D 'DA'4J'* - F-H JHEJF -*I +D'+) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J'E H*/9I 'DA'5D 'D*3D3DJ serial interval. D'*$/J 'D9/HI (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 ¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) 69JA) 'DAH9) - HD' 3JE' -JF 9/E H,H/ 'D9H'ED 'DE$G() - %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 31J1J) H'6-)  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H B/ J9'FJ 'DE1J6 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6'K F2DJ) *1'ABG' -EI .AJA) H/9+ %0 JCHF 'DE16 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4(G (-'D'* 'D2C'E 'D9'/J). https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E' AJ 'D-'D'* 'DFEH0,J) EF 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) A*(/https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14# 'D%5'() 9DI F-H EA',& ('D-EI H'D5/'9 H'D"D'E 'D96DJ) H'DEA5DJ) H'D/9+ E*2'EF) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( 'D-'D'* E9 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 *FA3J) E.*DA) C'D39'D 'D,'A Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#DE 'D(D9HE H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'DF2DJ) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ)  HAJ (96 'D-'D'* B/ *CHF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'D,G'2J) C'D-EI H'D/9+ H'D5/'9 H'D"D'E 'D96DJ) E3J71) 9DI 'D5H1) 'D31J1J) DDE16. HD' *(/H ('DA-5 'D31J1J DDE5'( ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) 'D*J D' *1'ABG' E6'9A) E' E9DHE'* FH9J) EGE)  HDCF 'DE1J6 :'D('K 3'.F 'D,D/ HE*(J:  CE' B/ JO8G1 A-5 'D(D9HE '-E1'1'K HH0E) HA17 *F3, AJ 'DF3J, 'D:/J 'DDEAJ B/ *1'ABG' F*-) E5DJ) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E.'7J)  CE' B/ *5(- 'D9B/ 'DDEAJ) 'D1B(J) E,3H3) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( 'D-'D'* HD' 3JE' AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D  HD' J(/J A-5 'D5/1 'DAJ2J'&J E97J'* EGE) AJ -'D'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) EF /HF E6'9A'* 1&HJ)  HB/ *D'-8 2J'/) (3J7) AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#5H'* 'D*FA3J) H.4HF) AJ (96 'D-'D'*  HH,H/ 9D'E'* :J1 7(J9J) AJ A-5 'D5/1 'DAJ2J'&J AJ 'DE5'( ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) J,( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F J/9H %DI 'D4C (-/H+ E6'9A'* 1&HJ) DDE16 C0'* 'D1&) 'D,1+HEJ) 'D+'FHJ).

*2HD https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) ('D*/1J, AJ E98E 'DE16I (E/) +D'+) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J'E -*I 3(9) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J'E EF (/! 'DE16  HDCF 'D/9+ H319) 'D49H1 ('D*9( B/ J3*E1'F AJ (96 'DE16I 9/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J'E https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3(H9JF  H*/9I G0G 'D-'D) 'DHGF 'D*'DJ DDF2D) 'DH'A/) postinfluenza asthenia .

B/ J3*E1 'D39'D 'D,'A AJ (96 'D-'D'* (9/ 2H'D 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I -*I https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3(H9JF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1  HJ92I 0DC %DI A17 'D-3'3J) 'D-'/+) AJ 'D8G'1) 'D*FA3J) - HD'3JE' 'DB5(J) - F*J,) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J*G' ('D.E, 'D¤J1H3J.

'DE6'9A'*: E98E -'D'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) E-//) D0'*G' H3DJE) 'D%F0'1  HDCF B/ *-/+ AJ (96 'D-'D'* - HD' 3JE' E9 H,H/ 9H'ED E$G() AJ 'DE1J6- H'-/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 EF 'DE6'9A'* 'D*'DJ):

-1 'D.E, 'D,1+HEJ 'D+'FHJ: *9/Q 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D,1+HEJ) 'D+'FHJ) CE' AJ ('BJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D¤J1H3J) 'D*FA3J) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 E6'9A'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) 4JH9'K  HB/ *CHF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F'K https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.71G' %0 J$/J 'D.E, 'D¤J1H3J %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J) 'D8G'1) 'D*FA3J) H*.1(G'  CE' J$/J %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J) (96 9H'ED 'DEF'9) 'DEH69J) DG0G 'D8G'1) F*J,) *.1( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#G/'( 'D.D'J' 'D*FA3J) 'DEG/() E+D'K  HJ$G( 0DC D-/H+ .E, ,1+HEJ +'FHJ 3H'! (,1'+JE C'F* EH,H/) 3'(B'K 9DI G0G 'D8G'1) EF /HF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F *3(( 'D.E, DCF 69A 'DEF'9) 'DEH69J) 3'9/G' 9DI %-/'+G https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E (,1'+JE EC*3() -/J+'K. Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D,1+HEJ) 'D+'FHJ) E5'/A) (9/ 'DF2D) 'DH'A/): 'D*G'( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0F 'DH37I https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D*G'( 'D,JH( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D*G'( 'DB5('* https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 0'* 'D1&)  H*9/ 0'* 'D1&) 'D,1+HEJ) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 E6'9A'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GEJ) H.7H1)  HJ1'AB -/H+G'K :'D('K H,H/ 9H'ED E$G() Chttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F JCHF 'DE1J6 AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-/ 71AJ 'D9E1 (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD EF 3F*JF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 EF 65 3F))  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H H,H/ E16 *FA3J https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H BD(J E2EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D-ED https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E16 E/FA https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H FB5 'DEF'9). Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 'D,1'+JE 'DE3(() D0'* 'D1&) 'D,1+HEJ) 'D*'DJ) DDF2D) 'DH'A/) 4JH9'K 'D9B/J'* 'D1&HJ) ('D*J *9/Q E3$HD) 9F F-H F5A 'D-'D'*) H'DE3*/EJ'* 'DF2DJ) H'D9FBH/J'* 'D0G(J). H*4J1 (96 'D/1'3'* %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F F3() **,'H2 'D@ 50% EF 0'* 'D1&) 'D*'DJ) DDF2D) 'DH'A/) H'DE3(() ('D9FBH/J'* 'D0G(J) 'DEC*3() AJ 'DE,*E9 (:J1 'DE4AHJ)) C'F* 'D,1'+JE 'DE92HD) EFG' EB'HE) DDEJ*'3JDQJF (MRSA) .

EF 'D/D'&D 'D31J1J) 'DEGE) 9DI -/H+ 0'* 1&) ,1+HEJ) +'FHJ) AJ E1J6 E5'( ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) *A'BE 'D-EI H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'D*FA3J) 'DE.*DA) - HD'3JE' 'D39'D 'DEF*, DB49 E.'7J https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HBJ-J- (9/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F (/https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#* https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) ('D*1',9 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D'.*A'!. 

-2 0'* 'D1&) 'D¤J1H3J) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HDJ): *-/+ 0'* 'D1&) (¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) E6'9A)K DDE16 -JF H5HD 'D¤J1H3 H/.HDG %DI 'DF3J, 'D1&HJ H'D*6'9A AJG H%J0'&G (/1,'* E.*DA)  H9DI 'D1:E EF F/1) -/H+G' - EB'1F) ('DE6'9A'* 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I - (J/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 0'* 'D1&) 'D¤J1H3J) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HDJ) (¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) *9/Q EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.71 E6'9A'*G' HD'3JE' -JF JCHF 'D9'ED 'DE3(( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D¤J1H3 A 0'* 'DAH9) 'D4/J/) %0 *CHF EEJ*) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( 'D-'D'*. HJ2J/ EF F3() .7H1*G' H,H/ 9H'ED E$G() C'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6 'D*FA3J) H'DBD(J) 'DE2EF) H69A 'DEF'9). HEF 'D/D'&D 'D31J1J) 'DEGE) H'DEAJ/) AJ *4.J5 0'* 'D1&) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HDJ) (¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) 9H/) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 %DI 'D*A'BE 9DI F-H E*3'19 (9/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F (/https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#* *.A HD' 3JE' 'D-EI H'D39'D 'D,'A H'D2D) 'D*FA3J) 'D*J B/ *1'AB 'D21'B https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F'K. HJD'-8 AJ 5H1) 'D1&) 'D49'9J) 'D(3J7) 8D'D 4(CJ) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 4(CJ) 9BJ/J) EF*41) H+F'&J) 'D,'F(. HEF 'DE-*ED AJ (96 'D-'D'* 'DBDJD) -/H+ 0'* 'D1&) 'D,1+HEJ) ('D*2'EF E9 0'* 'D1&) 'D¤J1H3J) AJ 'DE5'(JF ('DF2D) 'DH'A/)  H*CHF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 AJ G0G 'D-'D'* 4/J/)  H'D%F0'1 3J&'K  H*,*E9 AJG' 'DEH,H/'* 'D31J1J) H'D49'9J) DCD' 'DE16JF.

-3 HEF 'DE6'9A'* 'DF'/1) DDF2D) 'DH'A/) 'D*G'( 'D96D Myositis H'FR-PD'NDO 'D1QO(NJR/N'*  rhabdomyolysis  HGE' J-/+'F :'D('K AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D  HJ*8'G1 'D*G'( 'D96D (E66 4/J/ AJ 'D96D'* 'DE5'() HD' 3JE' AJ 'D71AJF 'D3ADJJF  HJ1'AB 'D%5'() '1*A'9 %F2JE C1J'*JF AH3AHCJF'2 AJ 'DE5D serum creatine phosphokinase.

-4 HB/ JDJ 'D%5'() ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) (96 'DE6'9A'* 'D95(J)- 'DF'/1)- E+D 'D*G'( 'D3-'J' 'D9BJE https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D*G'( 'D/E': https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E*D'2E) :JD'F ('1JG  Guillain-Barré syndrome .

-5 B/ *D'-8 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J6'K (96 'D*(/D'* 'DE$B*) AJ *.7J7 'DBD( 'DCG1('&J AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'D%5'() ('DF2D) 'DH'A/)  CE' J9/Q 'D*G'( 'D96D) 'DBD(J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D*G'( 'D*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EH1 EF 'DE6'9A'* 'DE-*ED) - DCFG' F'/1) - HD' 3JE' -JF H,H/ 9H'ED E$G(). H*4J1 (96 'D/1'3'* 'D-/J+) %DI 9D'B) %-5'&J) :J1 EA31) -*I 'D"F (JF A'4J'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  H2J'/) E9/D -/H+ '-*4'! 'D96D) 'DBD(J) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'&G'.

'D*4.J5: *4.5 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F 31J1J'K  HJ3'9/ *1'AB 'D-EI H'D/9+ H'D"D'E 'D96DJ) H'DEA5DJ) E9 'D39'D 'D,'A 9DI H69 'D*4.J5 'D31J1J DDF2D) 'DH'A/) HD' 3JE' AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'DH'A/'*. https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E' AJ -'D'* 'D%5'('* 'DE*A1B) H-JF *CHF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 .AJA) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E*H37) 'D4/) AJ59( *A1JB 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) 31J1J'K 9F :J1G' EF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D¤J1H3J) 'D*J *5J( 'D,G'2 'D*FA3J 'D9DHJ  H'D*J *3((G' ¤J1H3'* *FA3J) 9/J/) C'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) H'D¤J1H3'* 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ) H'D¤J1H3'* 'D*',J).

JC*AI AJ E98E 'D-'D'* ('D*4.J5 'D31J1J 'DE922 ('DE97J'* 'DH('&J)  (J/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'D*4.J5 'DE.(1J 'DFH9J B/ JCHF 61H1J'K AJ -'D'* 'D'4*('G 'D31J1J ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) E9 H,H/ 9H'ED .7H1) E$G() DDE6'9A'* 'D.71) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H AJ 'D-'D'* 'D31J1J) 'D4/J/) HD' 3JE' 'D*J *-*', %DI '3*4A'!. CE' J9/Q 'D*4.J5 'DE.(1J 'DFH9J 61H1J'K AJ -'D'* 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&) 'DC(J1) C'D,'&-'*  HD' 3JE' -JF 'D'4*('G (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F FE7'K ,/J/'K EF 'D¤J1H3 GH 'DE3$HD 9FG'.

H-'DJ'K J,1J *https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#CJ/ 'D*4.J5 E.(1J'K H*-/J/ FE7 'D¤J1H3 (H3'7) 'D9/J/ EF 'D'.*('1'* 'DE*HA1) *,'1J'K H'D*J *9*E/ 'D*4.J5 'DEF'9J 'DE5DJ DC4A 'DE3*6/'* 'DFH9J) DD¤J1H3  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H *9*E/ 71B 'D*B'F) 'D-JHJ) DC4A 'D-E6 'DFHHJ 'D¤J1H3J  H*O7HQN1 G0G 'D'.*('1'* (319) C(J1) H*O71- DD'3*./'E EF B(D 'DE$33'* 'D5-J) AJ E.*DA https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F-'! 'D9'DE.

H**6EF 'D'.*('1'* 4'&9) 'D'3*./'E -'DJ'K:

- '.*('1 'DE3*6/ 'D31J9  Rapid antigen test: JC4A H,H/ 'DE3*6/'* 'D(1H*JFJ) 'DFHHJ) DD¤J1H3 AJ 'DEA12'* 'D*FA3J)  HGH '.*('1 (3J7 H31J9 H:J1 ECDA  JECF (H3'7*G *-/J/ FH9 'D¤J1H3 A https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H B  DCF -3'3J*G HFH9J*G :J1 'DE1*A9*JF *,9D'F EFG '.*('1'K EF'3('K DD*-1J 'D,EH9J  screening HDJ3 D*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#CJ/ 'D*4.J5 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H *-/J/ 'DFE7 'DE5DJ DDBJ1H3.

- '.*('1 'D*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#DB 'DEF'9J immunofluorescence test 'DE('41 H:J1 'DE('41: HGH JC4A 'DE3*6/'* 'DFH9J) DD¤J1H3 ('3*./'E https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#6/'/ FH9J) E*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#DB)  HJAJ/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J6'K AJ %,1'! 'DA-5 'D,EH9J HD' 3JE' AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'DH'A/'*.

- '.*('1 *A'9D 3D3D) 'D(HDJEJ1'2 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) H'.*('1 'DEOFR*N3P.N)O 'D9NCR3PJQN) D3D3D) 'D(HDJEJ1'2 Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)  HGE' '.*('1'F A'&B' 'DFH9J) H'D-3'3J)  HJECF (H3'7*GE' C4A EB'/J1 2GJ/) ,/'K EF 'D1F' 'D¤J1H3J AJ 'DEA12'* 'D*FA3J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'DE3-'* 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D(D9HEJ)  DCFGE' ECDA'F F3(J'K HJ-*', %,1'$GE' %DI *,GJ2'* .'5) B/ *A*B/ %DJG' (96 'DE1'C2 'D5-J) HD' 3JE' AJ 'D/HD 'DABJ1)  D0' J3*./E'F 9'/) D*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#CJ/ 'D*4.J5 H*-/J/ 'DFE7 'D/BJB DD¤J1H3 HD' 3JE' AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&)  CE' J3*./E'F D*-/J/ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D¤J1H3J) 'D7'1&) 'DE3$HD) 9F 'D*3(( AJ 'D,'&-'* 'DC(J1). 

- '.*('1'* *-1J https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#6/'/ ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/): D' *AJ/ AJ *4.J5 -'D'* 'D.E, 'D-'/ H%FE' JB*51 '3*./'EG' 9DI 'D*B5J 'DH('&J 'D1',9.

'DE9'D,): E9 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) E16 EHGF HB/ *1'ABG (96 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'DE29,) (J/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F E98E -'D'*G' - HD'3JE' 'D*J D' *1'ABG' E6'9A'* EGE) - E-//) D0'*G' H%F0'1G' -3F  D0DC D' *-*', %DI 9D', FH9J DD¤J1H3  HJC*AI AJG' ('D1'-) H'D%C+'1 EF 'D3H'&D 'D/'A&) Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.0 (96 'DE3CF'* 'D(3J7)  DCF (96 'D-'D'* **7D( 9D','K FH9J'K DD¤J1H3  HG0G 'D-'D'* **6EF 'DE16I 'D0JF *8G1 AJGE https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 4/J/) HD' 3JE' 'D*J **7D( 'DB(HD AJ 'DE3*4AI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D*J *CHF AJG' /D'&D 31J1J) H'6-) 9DI %5'() 'D,2! 'D3ADJ EF 'D,G'2 'D*FA3J  CE' J3*7( 'D9D', ('Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) 'DE6'/) DD¤J1H3 AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4.'5 'D0JF J-EDHF 9H'ED .7H1) B/ *$/J %DI *A'BE 'D%5'() https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H -5HD E6'9A'* EG//) DD-J')  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E' J/9J (E,EH9) 'D.7H1) 'D9'DJ) ('DF3() %DI 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  HGJ **6EF C('1 'D3F (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 EF 65 3F)) H5:'1 'D3F (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD EF 3F*JF) H'D-H'ED https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D3J/'* -/J+'* 'DHD'/) HEA17J 'D(/'F) H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4.'5 'D0JF J9'FHF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6'K *FA3J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H BD(J) E2EF) H'DE5'(JF ('D3C1J H'DB5H1 'DCDHJ HE69AJ 'DEF'9).

HJ*H'A1 -'DJ'K 9// EF 'DE1C('* 'D/H'&J) 0'* 'D*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+J1 'DFH9J 'DE6'/ D¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) HD' 3JE' 'DFH9A  Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GE G0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1G' 4JH9'K E+(7'* 'DFH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2 neuraminidase inhibitors 'D*J *9ED 9DI HBA *6'9A ¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) EF 'DFH9 A H B H0DC (*+(J7 9ED ,2J&'* 'D:D'A 'D¤J1H3J) 0'* 'D*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+J1 'DE4'(G D%F2JE 'DFH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2 H'D*J *3'GE AJ *-1J1 'D¤J1H3 EF 'D.DJ) 'DE.EH,). HG0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) GJ 'DE9*E/) -'DJ'K AJ 'DE9'D,) 'DFH9J) D¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  HJ*HA1 EFG' -'DJ'K E1C('F GE':

- https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H3JD*'EJAJ1 (HJ4*G1 ('3E *'EJADH): GH 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 4JH9'K AJ 'D'3*./'E 'D31J1J DE+(7'* 'DFH1'EJFJ/'2  HJ*HA1 -'DJ'K (4CD C(3HD'* *97I 9F 71JB 'DAE (,19) 75 ED: E1*JF AJ 'DJHE DD('D:JF H(,19) 3- 5 ED: DDCJDH:1'E DDhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D E1*JF JHEJ'K  HD' *H,/ E6'/'* '3*7('( E7DB) DG0' 'D/H'! (J/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FG J,( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F J97I (-01 DDE5'(JF ('D1(H 'DB5(J. 

- 2'F'EJAJ1: J97I (71JB) 'D'3*F4'B 'DAEHJ E1*JF JHEJ'K (,19) 10 ED: AJ CD E1) 3H'! DD('D:JF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E DDhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D  DCF G0' 'D/H'! D'J97I DDE5'(JF ('D1(H 'DB5(J https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'DE16I 'D0JF J9'FHF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6'K 1&HJ) 3'/) E2EF)  F81'K D'-*E'D *-1J6 FH( 'D*4F, 'DB5(J.

HDD-5HD 9DI F*'&, E16J) DD9D', (G0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) J,( 'D(/! (G' ('C1'K E' https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#ECF %0 *CHF *https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+J1'*G' 'D%J,'(J) C(J1) -JF 'D(/! (G' B(D 'FB6'! 48 3'9) 9DI (/! 'DE16  HD0DC J,( 'D(/! (%97'&G' *.(1J'K DDE16I 'D0JF J3*7( %97'$G' DGE -JF 'D'4*('G 'D31J1J ('D%5'() -*I DH DE J*E 'D-5HD (9/ 9DI F*J,) 'D*4.J5 'DE.(1J 'DFH9J. H'DE/) 'DEB*1-) DD9D', GJ .E3) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J'E %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3(H9. 

H*4J1 E98E 'D/1'3'* 'D-/J+) %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F G0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) HD' 3JE' 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H3JD*'EJAJ1 *3'GE AJ *B5J1 A*1) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 H*.AJA 4/*G'  H*BDD EF 71- 'D¤J1H3 E9 /D'&D 9DI A'&/*G' AJ 'D-/ EF 'DE6'9A'* 'D*J B/ *DJ 'D%5'() ('DE16.

H9DI 'D1:E EF H,H/ E97J'* -/J+) 9DI H,H/ 01'1J EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 ¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  A EB'HE) DE+(7'* 'DFH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2  HDCF F3() G0G 'D01'1J E' 2'D* BDJD) ,/'K (F-H 1%) HD' *E+D E4CD) -BJBJ) AJ 'DE9'D,) 9DI 'DFBJ6 EF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) 'DB/JE) 'D*J '3*./E* 3'(B'K (5A) E6'/ ¤J1H3J FH9J D¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) E+D 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E'F*'/JF H'D1JE'F*'/JF H'D*J https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#5(-* D' *3*./E -'DJ'K (3(( F3() 'DEB'HE) 'D9'DJ) DG' H*https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+J1'*G' 'D,'F(J). 

'DHB'J): %6'A) %DI 'D%,1'!'* 'D9'E) 'D*J **.0 9'/) DDHB'J) EF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D*FA3J) C'3*./'E 'DBF'9 'D*FA3J H:3D 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J/J A%F 'DHB'J) 'DFH9J) EF 'D%5'() ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) B/ **E ('3*./'E 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) 'DE6'/) DD¤J1H3 ('DHB'J) 'DCJEJ'&J)) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H (%97'! 'DDB'- 'D.'5 (¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/).

H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) 'DE3*./E) AJ 'DHB'J) GJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/HJ) 'DE3*./E) AJ 'D9D', FA3G' H*3*7( AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4.'5 'D0JF JF*EHF %DI 'DE,EH9) 9'DJ) 'D.7H1) ('DF3() %DI ¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) H:J1 'DEDB-JF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D0JF E6I 9DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.0GE 'DDB'- https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 EF 3F) H0DC -JF 'D4C AJ *916GE D*E'3 'DE5'(JF ('DF2D) 'DH'A/) HD' 3JE' AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&) H'D,'&-'*. HJF5- -'DJ'K (%97'! 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H3JD*'EJAJ1 (,19) 75 ED: E1) JHEJ'K E/) 10-14 JHE'K -JF H,H/ '3*7('( D0DC.

https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E' DB'- 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) AGH E*HA1 -'DJ'K (FH9JF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-/GE' J-HJ ¤J1H3'* EB*HD) (E97D))inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV)  HJ97I 96DJ'K  H'D".1 E-61 EF ¤J1H3'* E69A) E*CJA) E9 'D(1H/)  live-  attenuated, cold-adapted influenza vaccine (LAIV) J97I B71'* https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ). HJ-HJ DB'- 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) +D'+) ¤J1H3'* '+F'F EFG' GE' FE7'F EF 'DFH9  A HH'-/ EF 'DFH9 B  HJ*E https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F'K %,1'! *:JJ1 AJ G0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 HD' 3JE' https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D¤J1H3  A 3FHJ'K H0DC *(9'K DD/1'3'* 'D*J *BHE (G' EF8E) 'D5-) 'D9'DEJ) H(96 'D,G'* 'D5-J) 'D9'DEJ) H'DE-DJ) 'DE9*E/) -HD 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'DE*HB9) CD 9'E. HJF5- (%97'! 'DDB'- CD 3F) DCD 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4.'5 'D0JF JF*EHF %DI 'DE,EH9) 9'DJ) 'D.7H1)  HC0DC DCD 'D9'EDJF AJ E,'D 'D19'J) 'D5-J)  HGF'C ,G'* 5-J) 9'DEJ) *F5- (%97'&G DCD https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#A1'/ 'DE,*E9 (9E1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C(1 EF 3*) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#4G1 %F https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#ECF 0DC.

2K- 'DE.'7'FJ)

'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  Parainfluenza viruses:

*6E 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'D%FADHF2' https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#1(9) EF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 'D¤J1H3J) H'39) 'D'F*4'1 *3(( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E','K *FA3J) E.*DA) AJ 'D%F3'F AJ CD 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9E'1  H*1'H- 4/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E',G' (JF 'DD'916J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D.AJA) H(JF 'D4/J/) 'DEG//) DD-J') AJ (96 'D-'D'*  H*CHF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', (G0G 'D¤J1H3'* AJ 'DC('1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.A Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3DE %F0'1'K EE' AJ 'D5:'1 %0 B/ *3(( AJ 'D5:'1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E','K 4/J/) HD' 3JE' AJ 'D71B 'D*FA3J) 'D3ADJ).

*F*BD ¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) (H3'7) 'DB7J1'* 'D*FA3J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H ('D*E'3 'DE('41 E9 'DEA12'* 'D*FA3J)  H*-/+ 'D%5'('* AJ CD 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9E'1 H9DI E/'1 'D3F)  H*EJD %DI 'D2J'/) AJ A5DJ 'D.1JA H'D1(J9.

'D9'ED 'DEE16: *F*EJ 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) %DI ,F3 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DE.'7J) paramyxovirus  'D*J *6E https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J6'K ¤J1H3'* 'D-5() measles H'DFC'A mumps  H'D¤J1H3 'D*FA3J 'DE.DHJ respiratory syncytial viruses. HDD¤J1H3 E3*6/'* 9/J/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GEG' (1H*JF'* 'D/E, 'D3C1J) fusion glycoprotein  H'D1'5) 'D/EHJ)  hemagglutinin  H'DFH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2 neuraminidase. HJ3'GE E3*6/ 'D1'5) 'D/EHJ) HFH1'EJFJ/'2 AJ 'D*5'B 'D¤J1H3 (E3*B(D'* .'5) 9DI 'D.DJ) 'DE3*G/A) AJ -JF J3'GE E3*6/ (1H*JF'* 'D/E, 'D3C1J) fusion glycoprotein AJ '.*1'B 'D¤J1H3 :4'! 'D.DJ) H'D/.HD %DJG'. HDDhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#6/'/ 'DFH9J) 'D*J J1C(G' 'D,3E *,'G 'DE3*6/'* 'D3'(B) 4https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F EGE AJ 'DHB'J) EF 'D.E,.

*91A -'DJ'K https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#1(9) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 1&J3) D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) GJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7  1H2 H3 H4  H*B3E -'DJ'K %DI E,EH9*JF GE':  Respirovirus genera H*-HJ 'DFE7JF 1 H3 H Rubulavirus genera 'D*J *6E 'DFE7JF 2 H 4. H*.*DA 'DE*D'2E'* 'D31J1J) 'D*J *3((G' 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'D%FADHF2' (-3( 'DFE7.

H9DI 'D1:E EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F E3*6/'*<<'D1'5) 'D/EHJ) - FH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2 HN>> DD¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) +'(*) F3(J'K EF 'DF'-J) 'DE3*6/J) HD' *.69 D*(/D'* 31J9) HEA',&) CE+JD'*G' AJ ¤J1H3'* 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) A%FG EF 'DED'-8 -/H+ (96 'D*(/D'* 'DE3*6/J) 'D*1'CEJ) AJG' E9 E1H1 'DHB* B/ *CHF 'DE3$HD) 9F 'DE4'CD 'DE5'/A) -'DJ'K AJ %F*', DB'- DG'.

'D9/HI H'DH('&J'*: *F*BD 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) (H3'7) 'DB7J1'* 'D/BJB) 'DEF(9+) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'D39'D https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D97'3  HD0'C EF 'DE-*ED 'F*B'DG' ('D*E'3 'DE('41 E9 'DEA12'* 'D*FA3J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H ('Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J/J H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#/H'* 'DEDH+) (G'  H*/.D G0G 'D¤J1H3'* 'D,3E 9(1 'DE.'7J'* 'D*FA3J) AJ 'DAE H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FA H'D(D9HE  HB/ JCHF /.HDG' 9(1 'DED*-) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#J6'K  HJD'-8 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F F-H 90% EF 'D('D:JF D/JGE https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#6/'/ DFH9 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H C+1 EFG'  EE' J4J1 %DI 'F*4'1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E',G' 'D916J) H'DD'916J) 9DI F7'B H'39 AJ E1-D) 'D7AHD) HAJ 'DJA9'F HD' 3JE' ('DFE7 3 EFG' 'D0J J5J( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 EF F5A 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D B(D (DH:GE 'D9'E 'D+'FJ EF 'D9E1  DCF G0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#6/'/ D' *HA1 'DHB'J) 'DC'ED) EF *C1'1 'D.E, (G'  (J/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'D.E, 'D*'DJ JCHF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.A -/)  EE' JA31 .A) E8'G1 'D.E, 'D31J1J) AJ 'DC('1. *-/+ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) AJ CD https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F-'! 'D9'DE HAJ E98E https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HB'* 'D3F) E9 ED'-8) 2J'/) 7AJA) AJ F3() -/H+G' AJ 'D.1JA H'D1(J9. H*CHF 'D%5'('* A1/J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H9DI 4CD A'4J'*  HF'/1'K E' *CHF 9DI 4CD https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H(&) C(J1). H'DFE7 'D+'D+ GH 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 4JH9'K AJ CD 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9E'1 E9 2J'/) F3(J) AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D HEJD %DI 'D*3(( AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', ''D*FA3J) 'D3ADJ) AJGE  AJ -JF J5'/A 'DFE7 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HD H'D+'FJ AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9E'1 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C(1 Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E',G' *FA3J) 9DHJ)  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E' 'DFE7 'D1'(9 AJ5J( CD 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9E'1 DCF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E',G .AJA) HBDJD) 'DE5'/A) 9EHE'K  H*$DA https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D71B 'D*FA3J) 'D3ADJ) (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-/ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7  'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) - HD'3JE' ('DFE7 'D+'D+ - F-H 10% EF https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3('( 'D'3*4A'! 'D.E,J) AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D AJ 9E1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#BD EF .E3 3FH'*. 

'D%E1'6J): */.D 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'D%FADHF2' 'D,3E 9(1 E.'7J) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FA H'D(D9HE 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ H**6'9A AJGE'  HB/ *F*41 (9/G' %DI 'D71B 'D*FA3J) 'D3ADJ) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D1&*JF  H'DEC'F 'DEA6D D*6'9AG' GH E.'7J) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FA H'DF3J, 'D1&HJ %0' H5D* %DI 'D1&) AJ (96 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F. HJ(D: *6'9A 'D¤J1H3 -/G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#98EJ (9/ JHE %DI JHEJF EF 'D9/HI  HJ71- E9 'DEA12'* 'D*FA3J) EF0 'DJHE 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HD DD.E,  HDE/) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3(H9 *B1J('K. H**F'3( 'D5H1) 'D31J1J) DD.E, ('D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) 9DI F-H H'6- E9 'DF4'7 'D*6'9AJ DD¤J1H3 H'E*/'/G 'D*41J-J AJ 'D,G'2 'D*FA3J. A'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FE'7 1 H2 'D*J :'D('K E' *.E, E.'7J) 'D-F,1) H'D,2! 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#9DI EF 'D1:'EI *$/J :'D('K %DI -/H+ 'D*G'( 'D-F,1) H'D1:'EI ('D.'FHB) croup HD' 3JE' AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D  AJ -JF J$/J 'DFE7 3 'D0J  J3*7J9 'DH5HD %DI 'D71B 'D*FA3J) 'D/BJB) %DI 'D*G'( 'DB5('* H0'* 'D1&). H*4J1 E98E 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#(-'+ %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F 'D.E, ('D¤J1H3 F7J1 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) D' J$/J %DI https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0J) C(J1) HE('41) AJ 'D.D'J' 'DE.EH,) - CE' AJ (96 'D¤J1H3'* 'D*FA3J) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I C¤J1H3 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) E+D'K - %FE' JCHF D,H'( 'D96HJ) 'DEF'9J 4https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F EGE AJ 'D%E1'6J) %0 *-/+ '3*,'() 'D*G'(J) EA17) AJ 'D71B 'DGH'&J) F',E) 9F 'D'F*', 'DC(J1 DD-1'&C 'D.DHJ) H'DCJEJ'&J) 'D'D*G'(J) AJ https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#+F'! 'D.E,.

'D*8'G1'* 'D31J1J): *3(QM( 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) E8'G1 31J1J) E.*DA) 'D4/) EF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D*FA3J)  E98EG' AJ 'D,2! 'D9DHJ EF 'D,G'2 'D*FA3J  H*.*DA 4/) 'DE16 'D31J1J (-3( FE7 'D¤J1H3 H'D9E1 H'D-'D) 'DEF'9J) DDE6JA  Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:D( 'D%5'('* HD' 3JE' AJ 'DJ'A9JF H'D('D:JF *(/J  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6'K 7AJA) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E*H37) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1G' 4JH9'K 'D-EI 'D.AJA) H'D+1 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ rhinorrhea  H'D39'D 'D,'A Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#DE 'D(D9HE H'-*B'FG  Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F'K *CHF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 E4'(G) D*DC 'DE4'G/) AJ 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  %0 J6'A %DI 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6 'D3'(B) 'D5/'9 Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#DE 'D96D'* H'DEA'5D. HJD'-8 -/H+ 'D*G'( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0F 'DH37I AJ F-H +D+ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D 'DE5'(JF (.E, *FA3J 9DHJ ('D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/). 

HB/ *3(QP( 'D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) E8'G1 31J1J) .'5) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#GEG' 'D.'FHB croup 'D0J J3((G 9'/) 'DFE7 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HD H'D+'FJ EF 'D¤J1H3 HGH 'D*G'( -F,1) H1:'EI HB5('* laryngotracheobronchitis J5J( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D  HJ*8'G1 (/'J)K ('D-EI 'D.AJA) H'D+1 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#DE 'D(D9HE J*DHG' 39'D ,'A https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#,4 H(-) AJ 'D5H*  HB/ J-/+ AJ 'DE1J6 51J1 4GJBJ H2D) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'FCE'4 ,/'1 'D5/1 retraction  H**7D( 'D-'D) 'D'3*4A'! 'D9',D -JF H,H/ G0G 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#91'6. H**8'G1 %5'() 'D,G'2 'D*FA3J 'D3ADJ ('D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) - Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.71G' 0'* 'D1&) -  ('D-EI H'D39'D 'D,'A H'D2D) 'D*FA3J) H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#2J2  HJ-/+ 'D21'B https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-J'F'K F*J,) FB5 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C3,)  HB/ *CHF 'D%5'() .71) H**7D( 'D'3*4A'! HD' 3JE' AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D /HF 'D3F) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#HDI EF 'D9E1.

*CHF E98E %5'('* 'DC('1 (¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'D%FADHF2' D' 916J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H .AJA) 'D4/) HE98EG' *FA3J 9DHJ  HDCF B/ *-/+ -'D'* 4/J/) AJ C('1 'D3F HD' 3JE' 'D0JF JBJEHF AJ /H1 'D19'J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'DE5'(JF (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6 *FA3J) E2EF) B/ J5'(HF (.E, *FA3J 3ADJ J*8'G1 :'D('K (0'* 1&) ¤J1H3J). CE' B/ JCHF 'D.E, (¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) .71'K https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H EG//'K DD-J') AJ E69AJ 'DEF'9).

'DE6'9A'*: J9/Q 'D*G'( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0F 'DH37I 'D¤J1H3J https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D,1+HEJ 'D+'FHJ H'D*G'( 'D,JH( EF 'DE6'9A'* 'DE-*ED) DD.E, (BJ1H3'* F8J1) 'D%FADHF2' %0 J4J1 'D9/J/ EF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#(-'+ %DI -/H+ 'D*G'( 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#0F 'DH37I AJ F-H +D+ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D 'DE5'(JF (.E, *FA3J 9DHJ (¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/). CE' B/ *-/+ 0'* 'D1&) 'D,1+HEJ) E6'9A) *'DJ) DD%5'() ('D.E, (G0G 'D¤J1H3'* HD' 3JE' -JF H,H/ 9H'ED E$G() C'D*B/E AJ 'D3F H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E1'6 'D*FA3J) 'DE2EF) H'D3'/Q)  HJD'-8 -/H+ -'D'* 4/J/) EF 0'* 'D1&) (¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) AJ 'DE69AJF EF'9J'K E9 71- 'D¤J1H3 E/) 7HJD) (9/ 0DC.

  H%6'A) %DI 'DE6'9A'* 'D*FA3J) B/ *-/+ - F'/1'K- E6'9A'* https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.1I :J1 *FA3J) E+D 'D*G'( 'D3-'J' https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D*G'( 'D96D) 'DBD(J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D*G'( 'D*'https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EH1 https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E*D'2E) :JD'F ('1JG.

'D*4.J5: DJ3 +E) *8'G1'* 31J1J) FH9J) JECF (H3'7*G' *4.J5 'D%5'() ('D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) %D' AJ (96 'DE*D'2E'* 'D.'5) E+D 'D.'FHB -J+ *1,- 'D%5'() (https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-/ G0G 'D¤J1H3'* H(.'5) 'DFE71  H(E' https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#F E98E -'D'* 'D.E, (G0G 'D¤J1H3'* .AJA) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H E*H37) HE-//) D0'*G' HDJ3 DG' 9D', FH9J ADJ3 EF 'D61H1J AJ 'D:'D( 'D-5HD 9DI 'D*4.J5 'DFH9J (*-/J/ 'D¤J1H3 HFE7G)  HJ5(- 'D-5HD 9DI 'D*4.J5 EGE'K AJ 'D-'D'* 'D4/J/) H-JF 'DBJ'E ('D/1'3'* 'DH('&J). HJ9*E/ 'D*4.J5 'DFH9J 'DE.(1J 9DI F-H 1&J3 9DI *-1QPJ 'DE3*6/'* 'DFH9J) https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D-EH6 'DFHHJ) DD¤J1H3 AJ 'DEA12'* 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ)  CE' JECF H69 'D*4.J5 (H3'7) 'D219 'D¤J1H3J H0DC (219 'D9JQPF) AJ 'DH37 'D.DHJ 'DEF'3(. HJ9/Q C4A 'D-EH6 'DFHHJ) DD¤J1H3 (H3'7) '.*('1 *A'9D 3D3D) 'D(HDJEJ1'2 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)  'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C+1 -3'3J) HFH9J) DG0' 'D:16. H*A6D :3'D) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FA 9DI 'DE3-) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#FAJ) C9JF) AJ G0G 'D'.*('1'* AJ 'D.E, 'D*FA3J 'D9DHJ  H*3*./E :3'D) 'DB5('* H'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#3F'. AJ -'D'* 'D.E, 'D*FA3J 'D3ADJ C0'* 'D1&). HD' *AJ/ 'D'.*('1'* 'DE5DJ) DC4A 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#6/'/ 'DFH9J) D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) AJ *4.J5 'D.E, 'D-'/ H%FE' *3*./E Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#:1'6 'D*B5J 'DH('&J.

'DE9'D,): D' J*HA1 -'DJ'K 9D', FH9J J3*./E 9DI F7'B H'39 DD.E, ('D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/)  D0' JC*AI ('DE9'D,'* 'D916J) 'DEF'3() H(%97'! 'D5'/'* 'DEF'3() -JF -/H+ .E, ,1+HEJ E6'9A) DD%5'(). HB/ ,O1QP( '3*./'E 'D1J('AJ1JF AJ (96 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#(-'+  DE9'D,) 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D4/J/) ('D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) AJ E69AJ 'DEF'9) DCF 'DF*'&, DE *CF E4,9)  H*7HQ1* AJ 'D3FH'* 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.J1) (96 'D9D','* 'DFH9J) DG0' 'D:16 A'9*E/* 9DI F-H 1&J3 9DI *+(J7 'DE3*6/'* 'D:D'AJ) DD¤J1H3 CE3*6/ 'D1'5) H'DFH1https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#EJFJ/'2 DCF G0G 'D9D','* E' *2'D BJ/ 'D'.*('1.

*9'D, -'D'* 'D.'FHB croup  'D.AJA) H'DE*H37) AJ 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#7A'D AJ 'DEF2D (%1'-) 'DE1J6 H*17J( ,H 'D:1A) E9 %97'! ,19) AEHJ) H-J/) EF 'D/JC3'EJ*'2HF (6 ED: DCD C: EF 'DH2F)  https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#E' 'D-'D'* 'D4/J/) A**7D( /.HD 'DE3*4AI H%F4'B 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#C3,JF 'D17( H*31J( 'D3H'&D 'DH1J/J) H%97'! https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#-/ 'D3*J1H&J/'* 'DB41J) - Hhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#A6DG' 'D/JC3'EJ*'2HF - (,19) H-J/) (6 ED: DCD C: EF 'DH2F) 9F 71JB 'DAE https://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#H 'D96D  CE' JH5I (%97'! 'D%J(JFA1JF (,19) (0.5 ED) EF E-DHD  2.25% AJ 3 ED EF 'DE-DHD 'DED-J 'DF8'EJ %10'0'K DE/) 15 /BJB) H*C11 CD 9/) 3'9'* (-3( 'D-'D).

'DHB'J): D' J*HA1 -'DJ'K DB'- E9*E/ DDHB'J) EF 'D.E, ('D¤J1H3'* F8J1) 'DF2D) 'DH'A/) DCF 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#(-'+ ,'1J) D*7HJ1 E+D G0' 'DDB'- -'DJ'K  HJC*AI ('*.'0 %,1'!'* 'DHB'J) 'D4.5J) 'DEF'3() 'DE6'/) D'F*B'D 'Dhttps://www.arab-ency.com.sy/medical/details/643/14#.E', 'D*FA3J) 9DI F-H 9'E  CE' JH5I (92D 'DE1J6 92D'K *FA3J'K ,2&J'K -JF %/.'DG 'DE3*4AI AJ 'D-'D'* 'D*J **7D( 0DC.

 

 

 

 

التصنيف : الأمراض الخمجية
النوع : الأمراض الخمجية
المجلد: المجلد الرابع عشر
رقم الصفحة ضمن المجلد : 222
مشاركة :

اترك تعليقك

آخر أخبار الهيئة :

معجم المصطلحات
أطلس جسم الإنسان

البحوث الأكثر قراءة

اصدارات الموسوعة العربية
أسماء الباحثين

هل تعلم ؟؟

شراء النسخة الورقية
عدد الزوار حاليا : 614
الكل : 31780462
اليوم : 55923

المجلدات الصادرة عن الموسوعة العربية :